Tar Heel Walk 2009

Did you know that there are two genes that have been linked to increased breast cancer risk? BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 function to keep our breasts healthy and functioning normally by suppressing tumor development. When these genes contain mutations (abnormalities), they are associated with an increased breast cancer risk because they can no longer perform their job adequately.

BRCA1

Abnormal breast cancer genes are only associated with approximately 10% of all diagnosed cases of breast cancer. However, having the abnormal gene greatly increases the risk of developing breast and/or ovarian cancer.

It’s not just women who are affected; men with altered BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes have an increased risk of breast cancer as well. Yes, even you.

Who is likely to have the altered genes? See this list below from the American Cancer Society:

• Having two or more relatives with breast or ovarian cancer.
• Breast cancer before age 50 in a relative (mother, sister, grandmother or aunt) on either side of the family. The risk is higher if your mother or sister has a history of breast cancer.
• Relatives with both breast and ovarian cancer
• One or more relatives with two cancers (breast and ovarian, or two different breast cancers)
• A male relative (or relatives) with breast cancer
• A family history of breast or ovarian cancer and Ashkenazi Jewish heritage
• A family history that includes diseases associated with hereditary breast cancer, such as Li-Fraumeni or Cowdens syndromes

With today’s technology, we can choose to take advantage of genetic testing. With a blood sample, geneticists can look for abnormalities and genetic counselors can share this information with the individual and help them decide what path (if any) to take. (Note: test results can affect one’s health insurance coverage. If you are considering genetic testing, please speak to a professional before deciding whether or not you should be tested.)

From the NIH:

“A person who is considering genetic testing should speak with a professional trained in genetics before deciding whether to be tested. These professionals may include doctors, genetic counselors, and other health care workers trained in genetics (such as nurses, psychologists, or social workers). For more information on genetic testing or for help finding a health care professional trained in genetics, contact the National Cancer Institute’s Cancer Information Service (CIS) at 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237) (see below). The CIS can also provide information about clinical trials (research studies with people) and answer questions about cancer.”

To learn more about the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, visit this information page from the National Cancer Institute:

-Nicole